In the morning after cleansing and toning, apply 4–5 drops to a dry face, neck, and chest before other anti-aging skincare products. Complete your regimen with a SkinCeuticals sunscreen. When used together, SkinCeuticals antioxidants and broad spectrum sunscreens provide protection against visible aging caused by environmental aggressors.

SkinCeuticals research shows that specific combinations of antioxidants, when effectively formulated, provide superior results to each single antioxidant formulation. Phloretin CF is a triple antioxidant cocktail formulation shown to provide broad-range environmental protection due to a synergistic combination phloretin, pure vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid), and ferulic acid. It is formulated under the Duke Antioxidant patent as vitamin C is a highly-potent antioxidant that is, by its structure, difficult to effectively deliver on skin.

The Duke Antioxidant patent describes the formulation parameters required for effective delivery of vitamin C to skin:

1) pure l-ascorbic acid (vitamin C)
2) an acidic pH within the 2.0-3.5 pH range and
3) a concentration between 10%-20%.

2% phloretin
Derived from apples and the root bark of fruit trees including apple, pear, and grapefruit, this antioxidant neutralizes damaging free radicals, helps improve cell turnover, and improves the appearance of discoloration
10% L-ascorbic acid
Lauded for its superior antioxidant benefits, this highly potent form of pure vitamin C neutralizes damaging free radicals and protects against oxidative stress while providing visible anti-aging benefits
0.5% ferulic acid
A plant-based antioxidant, ferulic acid neutralizes free radicals and enhances the antioxidant benefits of phloretin and vitamins C and E